Venezuela's heavy crude oil output increases are limited following U.S. sanctions relief

The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) effectively lifted most U.S. sanctions on Venezuela's energy sector on October 18 for six months, paving the way for additional exports of the heavy, sour crude oil the country produces. That type of crude oil has been in short supply and has had significant price increases in recent months. Still, years of underinvestment and mismanagement of Venezuela's energy sector will likely limit crude oil production growth to less than 200,000 barrels per day (b/d) by the end of 2024, requiring more time and investment for additional growth.